Science

Advanced Laboratory Operation		Amarr Encryption Methods
Further training in the operation of multiple laboratories. Ability to run 1 additional research...		Understanding of the data encryption methods used by the Amarr Empire and its allies.
Amarrian Starship Engineering		Archaeology
Skill and knowledge of Amarrian Starship Engineering. Used Exclusively in the research of...		Proficiency at identifying and analyzing ancient artifacts. Required skill for the use of...
Astrogeology		Astrometric Acquisition
Skill at analyzing the content of celestial objects with the intent of mining them. 5% bonus...		Skill at the advanced operation of long range scanners. 10% reduction in scan probe scan time per level.
Astrometric Pinpointing		Astrometric Triangulation
Greater accuracy in hunting down targets found through scanning. Reduces maximum scan deviation...		Skill for the advanced operation of long range scanners. 10% increase to scan probe strength per level.
Astrometrics		Astronautic Engineering
Skill at operating long range scanners. Allows one additional probe in space per level.		Skill and knowledge of Astronautics and its use in the development of advanced technology....
Biology		Caldari Encryption Methods
The science of life and of living organisms, and how chemicals affect them. 20% Bonus to attribute...		Understanding of the data encryption methods used by the Caldari State and its allies.
Caldari Starship Engineering		Cloning Facility Operation
Skill and knowledge of Caldari Starship Engineering and its use in the development of advanced...		Needed for use of the Clone Vat Bay module. Special: Increases a Clone Vat Bay's maximum...
Cybernetics		Defensive Subsystem Technology
The science of interfacing biological and machine components. Allows the use of cybernetic implants.		Understanding of the technology used to create advanced defensive subsystems.
Doomsday Operation		Electromagnetic Physics
Skill at operating titan doomsday weapons. 10% increased damage per level.		Skill and knowledge of Electromagnetic Physics and its use in the development of advanced technology....
Electronic Engineering		Electronic Subsystem Technology
Skill and knowledge of Electronic Engineering and its use in the development of advanced technology....		Understanding of the technology used to create advanced electronic subsystems.
Engineering Subsystem Technology		Gallente Encryption Methods
Understanding of the technology used to create advanced engineering subsystems.		Understanding of the data encryption methods used by the Gallente Federation and its allies.
Gallentean Starship Engineering		Graviton Physics
Skill and knowledge of Gallente Starship Engineering and its use in the development of advanced...		Skill and knowledge of Graviton physics and its use in the development of advanced technology....
Hacking		High Energy Physics
Proficiency at breaking into guarded computer systems. Required skill for the use of codebreaker...		Skill and knowledge of High Energy Physics and its use in the development of advanced technology....
Hydromagnetic Physics		Infomorph Psychology
Skill and knowledge of Hydromagnetic Physics and its use in the development of advanced technology...		Psychological training that strengthens the pilot's mental tenacity. The reality of having...
Jump Portal Generation		Laboratory Operation
Skill for the generation of jump portals to distant solar systems. 10% reduced material cost...		Allows basic operation of research facilities. Ability to run 1 additional research job per skill level.
Laser Physics		Mechanical Engineering
Skill and knowledge of Laser Physics and its use in the development of advanced Technology....		Skill and knowledge of Mechanical Engineering and its use in the development of advanced technology....
Metallurgy		Minmatar Encryption Methods
Advanced knowledge of mineral composition. 5% Bonus to material efficiency research speed per skill level.		Understanding of the data encryption methods used by the Minmatar Republic and its allies.
Minmatar Starship Engineering		Molecular Engineering
Skill and knowledge of Minmatar Starship Engineering and its use in the development of advanced...		Skill and knowledge of Molecular Physics and its use in the development of advanced technology....
Nanite Control		Nanite Engineering
Proficiency at reducing the severity of the side effects experienced upon injection of combat boosters.		Skill and knowledge of Nanorobotics and its use in the development of advanced technology ....
Neurotoxin Recovery		Nuclear Physics
Proficiency at biofeedback techniques intended to negate the side effects typically experienced...		Skill and knowledge of Nuclear physics and its use in the development of advanced technology....
Offensive Subsystem Technology		Plasma Physics
Understanding of the technology used to create advanced offensive subsystems.		Skill and knowledge of Plasma physics and its use in the development of advanced technology....
Propulsion Subsystem Technology		Quantum Physics
Understanding of the technology used to create advanced propulsion subsystems.		Skill and knowledge of Quantum Physics and its use in the development of advanced Technology....
Research		Research Project Management
Skill at researching more efficient production methods. 5% bonus to blueprint manufacturing...		Skill at overseeing agent research and development projects. Allows the simultaneous use of...
Reverse Engineering		Rocket Science
Understanding of the techniques and methods to reverse engineer ancient technology.		Skill and knowledge of Rocket Science and its use in the development of advanced technology....
Science		Scientific Networking
Basic understanding of scientific principles. 5% Bonus to blueprint copying speed per level.		Skill at running research operations remotely. Each level increases the distance at which research...
Sleeper Technology		Takmahl Technology
Basic understanding of interfacing with Sleeper technology. The Sleepers were masters of virtual...		Basic understanding of interfacing with Takmahl technology. The Takmahl nation excelled in...
Talocan Technology		Thermodynamics
Basic understanding of interfacing with Talocan technology. The Talocan were masters of Spatial...		Advanced understanding of the laws of thermodynamics. Allows you to deliberately overheat a...
Yan Jung Technology
Basic understanding of interfacing with Yan Jung technology. The Yan Jung nation possessed...

The skills regarding Astrometrics and Signal Acquisition are outdated (pre-Aphocripha). You can nonetheless check in-game or read the Apocrypha patch notes and the 1.0.2 patch notes to see the changes.

From the patch notes:

   * The Signal Acquisition skill is now called Astrometric Triangulation and gives a strength bonus.
   * The Astrometric Triangulation skill is now called Astrometric Acquisition and gives a scan time bonus.
   * The Astrometrics skill gives you +1 probes active per level, starting with 4 at level 1.  
   * Changed the name of the Astrometric Triangulation skill to Astrometric Rangefinding to better fit the skill's new role (1.0.2 patch)